The Theory Of Moral Sentiments - 987 Words

At eighteenth century, the cost of increasing development of capitalism is anomie: people chasing material life insanely even sacrifice others’ benefits. Because of this, Adam Smith, a successful philosopher and economist, released that the original morality principle was not suitable for that society anymore, and it needed to build another new theory system to suit the developing society. He wrote two masterpieces that proposed his ideas: The Theory of Moral Sentiments, which discusses the human development by analysing the human emotion, and The Wealth of Nations, which summarises the development of capitalism and it is also a foundation for today’s economy. This essay will analyse the self-interest, plays as a motivator role in morality and economy field, and benefits the development in that society. Moreover, will suggest some limitations of Smith’s idea. Self-interest plays a motivator role in morality field that makes people can consider themselves without destroying the ability of others to meet their own wants. Starting with some key terms that Smiths mentions in his books: selfishness means someone who only knows to satisfy himself without consider others’ feelings and it might deprives others’ happiness (Black 2006, p.8). Comparing to selfishness, the term ‘self-love’ means ‘pure ego’ (Fitzgibbons 1995, p.137), while the term ‘self-interest’ is an updated version of self-love, because it contains virtue and leads to self-love into a moral level (Fitzgibbons 1995,Show MoreRelatedThe Theory Of Moral Sentiments By Adam Smith1184 Words   |  5 Pages1740 ~ 1746, went to University of Oxford to study, although not got a good education, but read a lot of books.After 1750, in the University of Glasgow as a professor of logic and moral philosophy, but also in charge of school admini stration, until 1764 to leave.In 1759, the publication of the theory of moral sentiments, obtain high academic evaluation.In 1768, began writing the study on the nature and causes of the wealth of nations, referred to as the wealth of nations . Smith in heaven hadRead MoreThe Theory Of Moral Sentiments And The Wealth Of Nations1509 Words   |  7 Pagesthat he has done. From his books: The theory of moral sentiments and the wealth of nations. How can someone from two hundred and fifty years ago, a Scottish moral philosopher can still be relevant currently in 2016. Why is because of the questions that he asked in his two books above some of which have been through different editions like The Theory of Moral Sentiments. The author of this book Russ Roberts had not even read the book the Theory of Moral Sentiments until his friend Dan Klein at GeorgeRead MoreThe Theory Of Moral Sentiments By Adam Smith1381 Words   |  6 Pagesaspects of self-interest in words have been a political a nd standard observing writer’s delight. Adam Smith, an eighteenth century writer expressed his view on the very same subject of self-interest within his passages. Smith’s book, â€Å"The theory of moral sentiments (1759)†, communicates the characteristic of indulging oneself in acts according to the interest of the first person. Adam Smith has described the character of self-interest in areas where only the feeling of satisfaction may be the interestRead MoreFreud s Theory Of Moral Sentiments1782 Words   |  8 PagesSmith’s The Theory of Moral Sentiments, Smith has a concept of self-deceit which implies a division of the mind. Smith believes the mind has a moral sense, a mental faculty can inform the individual what is morally right and wrong and through the observation of other peoples’ actions. Smith’s moral sense seems to be part of an implicit unconscious because it seems to have an objective understanding of moral right or wrong, but the individual still falls victim to self-deceit despite the moral sense’sRead MoreAdam Smith s Theory Of Moral Sentiments1617 Words   |  7 PagesOver the past centuries, Adam Smith ideas on morality and economics have given rise to various controversies and debates. Many moral and economic philosophers have been arguing on this topic whilst most neglected the important part of Smith’s ideas on natural liberty. As an Enlightenment thinker, Adam Smith was interested in finding out the natural laws of economics just like Newton’s successful achievement in finding out the universal law behind nature. In addition, he was also interested in investigatingRead MoreImmanuel Kant And Kant On Morality1097 Words   |  5 Pagesusually compared to one another, Immanuel Kant and David Hume. Immanuel Kant had many theories throughout his philosophical time. Here are some of his ethical works, Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals (1785), the Critique of Practical Reason (1788), and the Metaphysics of Morals (1797), which contains both â€Å"the Doctrine of Right† and â€Å"the Doctrine of Virtue.† He also had some other works of importance to his moral philosophy including the Critique of the Power of Judgment (1790), Religion withinRead MoreA Textual Analysis of the Adam Smith Problem1353 Words   |à ‚  6 Pagesour self-interest – that contradict each other. Through careful examination of Smith’s explanations, however, these two apparently separate forces that drive human behavior become not only interwoven, but symbiotic. In his first work, Theory of Moral Sentiments, Smith seems to argue that sympathy is the guiding force that produces most human behavior. He writes that it is human nature to be concerned with both the wellbeing and misfortunes of others, and that this concern for others is felt soRead MoreThe Father of Classical Political Economy, Adam Smith, Believed People Are Driven by Morality1499 Words   |  6 PagesGlasgow, where he studied moral philosophy under Francis Hutcheson. Here Smith developed his strong passion for liberty, reason, and free speech. In 1740 he was awarded the Snell Exhibition and entered Balliol College, Oxford. In 1746 Smith left Oxford. . In 1748 Smith began delivering public lectures in Edinburgh under the patronage of the Lord Kames. In 1751 Smith Was appointed the Chair of Logic at University of Glasgow; the next year he was appointed the Chair of Moral Philosophy, which was theRead MoreEthics and Morality in Philosophy Essay908 Words   |  4 Pagesand can be distinguished from law, religion, or ethics. Morality in its defining sense can be different from each other, depending on the foundations of the society that claim their morality. Different societies have a different sense of what their moral priority would be like. Their morality can be based on purity and honesty when others concerned with practices. Many philosophers encourage morality, because generally it prevents and avoids harm to any society that is formed into certain groups. Read MoreMorality Is An Important Component Of A Human Being Because1382 Words   |  6 Pagesis a crucial component of a human being. However, what ultimately drives moral action? This question is debated and investigated against many philosophers, a few of them being Thomas Hobbes, Frans de Waal, and David Hume. Hobbes believes that in the state of nature, humans have no laws, morals, police force, property, government, culture, knowledge, or durable infrastructure. Within this state of nature, people have no morals and do as they please without any consequence. As Hobbes states, â€Å"Hereby

Busting Unions For Fighting Reform Policies - 784 Words

Busting Unions for Fighting Reform Policies In the early chapters of Special Interest Terry Moe spends much of his energy in attacking the power of the teacher unions. He claims that teachers unions are the heart of the problem when it comes to organization and reform (Moe, 2011, p. 20). While Moe claims the NEA (National Education Association) and the AFT (American Federation of Teachers) have historically lobbied against many reform programs, including voucher programs, charter schools, and merit pay programs, there is also evidence where teachers’ unions have supported new reforms. They have introduced new charter schools and have based salaries on merit pay programs. Former NEA president Bob Chase delivered a speech in 1997 claiming that the NEA was on the forefront of education reform. He stated that the NEA invested 70 million dollars on reform initiatives and sponsored six charter schools across the country (Chase, 1997, p. 372). Educational policy makers should be in p articular interest to these examples especially if they believe in the effectiveness of reform programs. If policy makers understand the thinking behind why the unions support or oppose reforms, better policies can be put in place. In addition, policy makers in partnership with the teachers unions can work hand in hand to successfully coordinate reforms in American education. Moe argues that the United States has struggled to meet the reform challenge over the past quarter century specifically in theShow MoreRelatedThe new common core initiative that seems to be sweeping the nation is yet another attempt at1600 Words   |  7 Pageseducation standards in America, how the common core is related to international education standards, and the states that have implemented the common core and why they have chose to do so will follow. We will also look at who is making these proposed reforms and who is most eager to implement common core on a federal level. Then examine where Representati ve Rokita stands on the issues and who agrees and opposes Rokita. Congressman Rokita was born in Chicago, Illinois in February of 1970 (Full Biography)Read MorePatrick J. Maneys The Roosevelt Presence: The Life and Legacy of FDR1560 Words   |  7 PagesManeys The Roosevelt Presence: The Life and Legacy of FDR is a critical analysis of the policies, programs and decisions invoked by Franklin Delano Roosevelt. Maneys analysis and opinions of important historical events brought forth by Roosevelt such as The New Deal, Court Packing and World War II are off-beat to say the least. Maney attempts to bring to the table an objective analysis of FDRs life and policies, with hopes of indulging the reader in what he believes is the truth. Although PatrickRead MoreThe Spanish American War And The Civil War2050 Words   |  9 Pageshappened near the Cuban harbor was an accident.All of the congressman came to an agreement believing that the only way to resolve the conflict was by declaring war on Spain. So that s what they continued to do. After four long an d tiresome months of fighting they agreed to end the war. The treaty of paris was a document that ended the Spanish American War. In addition to the Treaty of Paris the congress attached the Teller Amendment and Platt Amendment. The Teller Amendment just promised that the UnitedRead MoreCorporate Influence on Our Political System2508 Words   |  11 Pagesunlimited sums of money in the electoral process by funding political commercials and other propaganda to use for or against a candidate. Campaign donations and lobbying are other methods used by corporations to influence government officials and policy. A good example, in the election cycle of 2000, there was an estimated $1.2 billion given to congressional campaigns in both parties, by corporations. . Unless you are rich, it is nearly impossible to run a viable congressional campaign without corporateRead MoreMidterm Review Essay9272 Words   |  38 Pagesdistribution of wealth. | | e) | the introduction of socialism. | | | 0 / 1 point | 9.) Andrew Carnegie and John D. Rockefeller: Question options: | a) | faced no criticism for their business practices. | | b) | led the way in social reform. | | c) | advocated government regulation of business. | | d) | built up giant corporations that dominated their respective markets. | | e) | were both immigrants. | | | 1 / 1 point | 9.) The American working class: Question options:Read MoreApush Chp17 Notes2924 Words   |  12 PagesNatural Resources (coal, iron ore, copper, lead..) * Labor Supplies (immigrants) * Advance transportation network * Capital (Americans funding the economic expansion) * Technologies increasing productivity * Friendly gov policies (tariffs, land grants, loans) * Talented entrepreneurs A. The Business of Railroads. ~ The nation’s first big business : railroads, which had greatest impact on Am economic life. - Created a market for goods encouraged mass productionRead MoreProfessional Air Traffic Controllers Organization V. Reagan: the Strike That Helped Shape U. S. Labor Relations3292 Words   |  14 Pagestransformed his presidency, but also shaped the labor relations in the United States. The Professional Air Traffic Controllers Organization (PATCO) strike of August 3. 1981 was a remarkable day in the history of this country. Under the direction of union president, Robert E. Poli, 14,500 members declared a nationwide strike. Approximately 11,500 members walked off their jobs because of contract disputes with the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) (Landmarks in Modern American Business 719)Read MoreSixteen Most Significant Events in U.S. History between 1789 to 19756920 Words   |  28 Pagesplace at a time when the government was still exploring the powers that the Constitution had granted it. Jefferson, himself, carefully deliberated whether the Constitution granted him the right to acquire territory for the purpose of expandi the Union. He reflected on the possible need for an amendment to the Constitution to justify the action. Finally, under intense pressure, he allowed the purchase and set an important precedent. His action established the power of the president to expandRead MoreCorporate Responsibility in Business4086 Words   |  17 Pagesinitiated a Global Compact containing ten principle guidelines that encourage businesses to partake in sustainable and socially responsible policies and report these progresses regularly. The ten principle guidelines covered areas of human rights, labor, the environment and anti-corruption which countries agree and commit to these practices and public policies. In Bermuda, we have an Employment Act and the Human Rights Commission and laws in place to protect any individual from being discriminatedRead MoreThe American Political Tradition and the Men Who Made It Essay7033 Words   |  29 Pagesoriginal American politicians - the Founding Fathers. The Founding Fathers, the men who began American government, created the basis of politics that future leaders would adhere to. Richard Hofstadter focuses, in this chapter, on ideas that shaped policy. He does not necessarily focus on certain men, although the most common of the Founding Fathers are James Madison, Thomas Jefferson, John Adams, George Washington, Benjamin Franklin, and Alexander Hamilton. Another key father was John Jay who believed

Analysis Of The Canterbury Tales - 1189 Words

Will Kasdan Mrs. Nagel British Literature 11.2 25 May, 2017 Here’s Where the Story Ends Fables and myths constitute the foundation of nearly every culture, and are passed down through generations, never losing their meaning and allure. Many factors make a story special, including its plot, essence, and characters, but only the storyteller holds within themselves the potential to deliver a narration that will inspire their audience and leave a lasting mark. In a quaint example of metafiction, many novels have been published with a central theme of storytelling. Two such examples following this concept is The Canterbury Tales, written by Geoffrey Chaucer in 1478, and Frankenstein, written by Mary Shelley 1818. Three characters in The†¦show more content†¦Have I not suffered enough, that you seek to increase my misery†¦ Everywhere I see bliss, from which I alone am irrevocably excluded† (Shelley 68-69). The Wife of Bath and The Monster quickly intrigue their respective audiences by flooding them with emotion. The Wife of Bath shares her negative views on marriage, while The Monster prepares to tell his heartbreaking story. By expressing their emotions, both narrators are able to share their beliefs and views, impacting their listeners. This is just one power of storytelling, where an outpour of emotions can be so powerful moving, having a profound effect on the audience. In addition, by articulating their emotions, the storytellers give the crowd an opportunity to enter their own minds, further allowing the audience to experience the story from the eyes of the narrator. Another critical facet in storytelling lies in parables, which carry moral lessons. In his fable, the Pardoner imparts a crucial message of the destructiveness of greed. In his prologue, the Pardoner makes his explanation very clear: â€Å"But let me briefly make my purpose plain / I preach for nothing but for the greed of gain / And use the same old text, as bold as brass / Radix malorum est cupiditas† (Chaucer 243). Provi ding another meaningful anecdote is The Monster, who explains how love is a powerful emotion that can get one through loneliness and isolation. The Monster makes clear his message of requiring a companion: â€Å"If I cannot inspireShow MoreRelatedCanterbury Tales Analysis841 Words   |  4 PagesIn the Canterbury Tales, Chaucer gives a detailed description of what life was like in Medieval times . In the â€Å"Prologue†, the reader comes to better understand the people of the time period through the characters words and actions. Chaucer uses a variety of groups of society to give the reader a deeper insight into the fourteenth century Pilgrims customs and values. Through the Court, Common people and the Church, Gregory Chaucer gives a detailed description of ordinary life in the medieval timesRead MoreCanterbury Tales Character Analysis1988 Words   |  8 Pages The Canterbury Tales, by Geoffrey Chaucer, is a collection of tales and prologues of stories told by many chara cters whilst on a pilgrimage to the city of Canterbury. From religious figures such as nuns, monks and pardoners; to doctors, cooks and millers, this pilgrimage embarked on by many interesting people with stories that range from inspiring to gruesome. A few of the most predominant stories include those of the Prioress, the Summoner, the Wife of Bath, the Miller, and the Reeve. In theseRead MoreAnalysis Of The Canterbury Tales1157 Words   |  5 PagesThe Canterbury Tales, written by English poet Geoffrey Chaucer, is arguably the most notable yet controversial work of British Literature. Known as the Father of British Literature, Chaucer ultimately revolutionized both the English language and literature by refusing to follow the status quo and writing his works in Middle English instead of the more widely accepted languages at the time, such as Latin or French. Chaucer used The Canterbury Tales to target and satirize society of the Middle AgesRead MoreCanterbury Tales Analysis1124 W ords   |  5 PagesIn Geoffrey Chaucer’s The Canterbury Tales, various people band together to go on a pilgrimage from England to Canterbury. Their aim is to see a shrine of St Thomas Beckett, the revered Archbishop of Canterbury who had reportedly healed others when they were ill. The pilgrims have a variety of occupations and are divided fairly evenly amongst the three estates (clergy, nobility, and commoners). The pilgrims who are members of the clergy are ironically depicted as the least moral, compared to theRead MoreCanterbury Tales Analysis1934 Words   |  8 PagesUnderstanding the Canterbury Tales Geoffrey Chaucer is considered by many scholars to by the father of early English poetry literature. Prized for his literary talent and philosophic disposition, some of his best works include The Canterbury Tales and Troilus and Criseyde (Encyclopedia of World Biography). The Canterbury Tales, in particular, shows a remarkable depiction of society during the Middle Ages. Through this piece of literary work, Chaucer provides powerful commentary the church, socialRead More Summary and Analysis of The Shipmans Tale (The Canterbury Tales)928 Words   |  4 PagesSummary and Analysis of The Shipmans Tale (The Canterbury Tales) Introduction to the Shipmans Tale: The Host asks the priest to tell a tale, but the Shipman interrupts, insisting that he will tell the next tale. He says that he will not tell a tale of physics or law or philosophy, but rather a more modest story. The Shipmans Tale: A merchant at St. Denis foolishly took a desirable woman for a wife who drained his income by demanding clothes and other fine array to make her appearRead MoreAnalysis Of The Canterbury Tales1806 Words   |  8 PagesThe Canterbury Tales is a collection of twenty-four stories regarding numerous pilgrims and their pilgrimage to Canterbury written in Middle English by Geoffrey Chaucer. The subjects of these tales range from knights to the clergy to government officials. The various tales in the Work are presented in the manner of a contest at the Tabard Inn in London, in which the prize for the best story is a free meal upon their return. Chaucer’s first impressions of the Miller as a rude and sinful man continueRead MoreCanterbury Tales Character Analysis997 Words   |  4 Pageslanguages grants her access to the forms of power that patriarchy denies to women, establishing her character as an authoritative female through the authentication of English as a literary language. In the dissertation â€Å"Geoffrey Chaucers The Canterbury Tales: Rhetoric and Gender in Marriage,† Andrea Marcotte analyzes Chaucer’s usage of ethos to grant the Wife authority in her male-dominated culture. Marcotte argues that the Wife reflects on her experiences in marriage throughout the general prologueRead MoreCanterbury Tales Character Analysis981 Words   |  4 PagesUpon first reading of the Canterbury Tales by Geoffrey Chaucer, the reoccurring theme of social status is not blatantly obvious. Upon further reading, however, it becomes apparent that it in fact plays large role in most of the aspects of the tales. In both the Wife of Bath’s Tale and the Nun’s Priest Tale, social status plays a role in the plot, characters, and themes in order to more effectively portray the messages Chaucer is trying to get across. The underlying theme addressing social statusRead MoreCanterbury Tales Character Analysis1334 Words   |  6 PagesThe Canterbury Tales is a written work, by Geoffrey Chaucer, that is a representation of the society he lived in. His work portrays the feudal system during the medieval times and how each level of livelihood was a character, whose personalities reflect how Chaucer and his culture view them. During his time, his society regarded the Christian Church as corrupt and manipulative, with a few clergy who are honest and genuine in their exertion. Therefore, the ecclesiastical persona has the dispositions

The Social Contract Of Nursing - 1255 Words

The social contract of nursing encompasses the responsibilities of the nursing profession and other health care professionals entrusted by society. Through this contract, nurses are expected to function and have the responsibility to provide all members of society who need medical care regardless of their cultural, social, spiritual and economic status with honest and respectful service keeping in mind the public’s trust. Furthermore, it is expected that medical professionals and nurses provide individuals, families and the community the best possible care. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to examine the social covenant of nursing in relation to the controversial and ethical issues behind the use of Henrietta Lacks’ cells (HeLa) in†¦show more content†¦Henrietta only knew about this outcome at the end of radium treatment when she asked if she â€Å"could bear another child† (Skloot, 2010, p.47). And although it was stated in her record that she wa s informed of the side effects of the treatment, it obviously was not delivered clearly or education may not even have been given. Another example of this construct not met in the case of Henrietta Lacks was the lack of compassionate care. Patient experiences can be improved if healthcare professionals act with compassion and dedication to serve patients and promote their well-being. Henrietta suffered so much pain and complained about the discomfort as complicated by the disease process, but her complaints were ignored; instead, her doctors wrote just the opposite of what she complained about stating, â€Å"the patient states that she feels fairly well† and continued, â€Å"no evidence of recurrence† (Skloot, 2010, p.63). This is an example of deception, lack of compassion and outright contradiction to professionalism and commitment to the primacy of the patient. Construct 2 Ethical practice is another component of the social contract of nursing which is a reflection of the values, beliefs and moral principles of the nursing profession. The American Nurses Association (ANA) has established the â€Å"Code of Ethics for Nurses† which serves as a â€Å"guideline† for the nursing profession in which clinical judgements andShow MoreRelatedThe Continuum Of Institutional Long Term Care847 Words   |  4 Pageshelp with walking, bladder training, or just helping with bathing. On the other end there are the individuals that may need more round the clock care with nursing or specialized services along with the basic needs (Shi Singh, 2015, p. 399). Residential and personal care facilities provide supervision and assistance but not medical or nursing needs. These facilities services are not provided but licensed professionals but rather paraprofessionals. They avoid taking in individuals that have severeRead MoreThe Psychology Of Mental Illness1177 Words   |  5 Pageshealth care professional. During my past clinical experience as a nursing student at the Alberta Hospital Edmonton, I was immersed in an environment filled with individuals who were acutely mentally ill, and two of these individuals were my patients. While â€Å"The Sociology of Mental Illness† is an excellent source of information about mental illness in the context of sociology, based on my experience at Alberta Hospital and on the nursing theory that I have learned, I disagree with the fact that WeitzRead MoreThe Importance Of Continuing Care Retirement Communities971 Words   |  4 Pagesindependent living; assisted living and nursing home care (Morri son et al., 2013). These types of care may be met in a single residence or apartments. My community consists of 300 units. These units are divided into 180 independent units, 40 assisted living beds and 80 nursing home beds. The community accommodates an older resident for three years in the independent facilities, followed by one in the assisted living facility. Finally, the resident lives in the nursing home for nine months. The CCRC servesRead MoreThe Integrative Model Of Human Resource1604 Words   |  7 Pagesthe commentaries and the text, how important do you think it is for HRM professionals to be aware of a critique of neo-liberal economic and social policies? How important is it for them to develop a more â€Å"pluralistic† understanding of the nature of work? Neo-liberal policies evolved from a desire to reduce the controlling influences of government and other social enabling bodies such as unions. Remove these external controlling influences and businesses will better align their strategies for successRead MoreDuties Under Extreme Conditions Within Nursing1034 Words   |  5 Pages Social Policy Statement Duties under Extreme Conditions in Nursing Kristina Myles Molloy College NUR 505-01 Introduction Nursing is the protection, promotion, and optimization of health and abilities, prevention of illness and injury, facilitation of healing, alleviation of suffering through the diagnosis and treatment of human response, and advocacy in the care of individuals, families, groups, communities, and populations (American Nurse’s Association, 2017). In the nursing professionRead MoreSocial Justice : Elder Self Neglect930 Words   |  4 Pages Social Justice in Elder Self-Neglect Neil Rudis Submitted to Instructor Terry Lee, MSN, RN, in partial fulfillment of NR410 Introduction to the Profession of Nursing Regis University January 18, 2016 Social Justice in Elder Self-Neglect According to the National Center on Elder Abuse (NCEA), by the year 2050, twenty percent of Americans will be age 65 or older (NEEDS PROPER CITATIONpara. 2). A major issue facing the aging adult is the prevalence of elder abuse and neglect. OfRead More Nursing vs. Teaching as Careers Essays566 Words   |  3 PagesNursing vs. Teaching as Careers   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Nursing is an exciting and challenging field to study. Nursing uses a scientific process to plan care for people in acute illnesses and teach them how to stay healthy or cope with their illness. Nurses basically the helper of the doctors. They assist the doctors by giving medicine, treatments, tests, injections, or draw blood as directed by the physician. They also observe patients for mental, physical, social and or emotional changes and record changesRead MoreNursing Informatics As A Specialty Essay1187 Words   |  5 Pages3.2.0 SOCIAL CONTEXT: 3.2.1 Nursing Informatics as a Specialty Nursing’s social contract reflects the profession’s long-standing core values and ethics, which provide grounding for health care in society. It is easy to overlook this social contract underlying the nursing profession when faced with challenges of the current technology like nursing informatics. One should be competent in nursing informatics so that nothing goes wrong when clients knows that the services are using telehealth and isRead MoreComparison Of Erikson And Kohlbergs Theory1378 Words   |  6 PagesErik Erikson and Lawrence Kohlberg are famous theorist who have contributed a lot to the nursing profession. Erikson’s theory is about psychosocial development whereas Kohlberg’s theory is about moral development. Erikson has eight stages, that he believed were accomplished at different periods of life, in his theory of psychosocial development starting with; trust versus mistrust during infancy; autonomy versus shame or doubt experienced at a toddler age; initiative versus inferiority during preschoolRead MoreBilling Of Services, Revenue Cycle, And Reimbursements1057 Words   |  5 Pages Within this organization, revenue is generated from the services given to patients and the medication given to them. Services such as, Social services, dietary, physical therapy, occupational therapy, speech therapy and nursing services. Medication distributions and ancillary services impact revenue and reimbursements. The revenue cycle and reimbursements can be interrelated by the fact that sale of medicines generates revenue and reimbursement will affect the stock. The delivery

Outline Of An Article On Obesity And Vaccination Essay

Barrett, Julia R. Pediatric Vaccines And Neurodevelopment. Environmental Health Perspectives 123.6 (2015): A156. Academic Search Premier. Web. 4 Nov. 2015. This article focuses on a specific ingredient, Thimerosal, and its relationship to autism. The study finds that there is no correlation between the two when used on Macaques who have similar learning and memory processes and social interaction as humans. The main argument is against the link between vaccination and autism and the scholarly article aims to prove this through the use of a study. The article is neutral in terms of bias as it provides factual information based off of studies. It is a relevant source as it talks about a study showing there is no correlation between autism and vaccination. The article ends with a list of sources and references to check its facts and data. This source will help me in my essay as it helps to disprove the myth of autism and vaccination. How Vaccines Prevent Diseases. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 08 Mar. 2012. Web. 04 Nov. 2015. http://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/parents/vaccine-decision/prevent-diseases.html. This article explains how vaccinations work in the body. The purpose of the article is to inform the general public. It is unbiased as it only provides information on how vaccinations work and their purpose not if they are harmful or beneficial. This source is reliable as it is a regularly maintained government websiteShow MoreRelatedScience : The Quest For Knowledge Essay1216 Words   |  5 Pagesbattles, they are simultaneously having positive effects when countries may be headed for war. In their article â€Å"The Lessons of Hiroshima: We Still Need Nuclear Weapons,† Blake McMahon and Adam Lowther maintain that nuclear weapons help an alliance be reached between two countries and ultimately prevent war, yet they fail to note that the usage of these weapons is utterly immoral. In her article â€Å"Deterrence or Disarmament?: The Ethics of Nuclear Warfare,† Kayla Giampaolo provides that it is immoralRead MoreThe Four Main Determinants Of Health1702 Words   |  7 Pageschoices have a huge impact on the overall health of a person, so it is very important for healthcare workers, especially nurses, to know the causes, affects, responses, and symptoms that occur in unhealthy and healthy lifestyles. This paper will outline and discuss the four main determinants of health; biology and genetics, individual behavior, physical environment, and social circumstances, and how healthcare providers such as nurses can use this knowledge to promote health. By having a better understandingRead MoreThe Health And Cultural Safety Of Aboriginal And Torres Strait Islander Peoples3371 Words   |  14 Pagesdo or say something that is culturally unacceptable. This potentially could have a detrimental effect on the delivery of healthcare servi ces provided to Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people http://www.rrh.org.au/Articles/subviewnew.asp?ArticleID=1607. Question 4 Outline three (3) factors that contribute to ill health in the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander community. Link these to common diseases that may be experienced by these people. Nutrition: This factor is influenced byRead MoreCommunity Profile Essay5395 Words   |  22 Pagesall areas, 27.7% are obese, 22.6% are high risk drinkers and 19.6% smoke. In a study performed by the University of Michigan the effects of obesity, alcohol abuse and smoking were found to be behavioural factors linked to a variety of health outcomes. The affects on chronic conditions was significantly greater and further information demonstrated that obesity increased outpatient and inpatient time and spending by approximately 36%, smoking 21% and drinkers 18% [Azari and Bertakis, 2006]. AccordingRead MoreHospital Accreditation : A Self Assessment Process8369 Words   |  34 Pageson increased birth rate and high life expectancy. The changes can also be attributed to reduced mortality rates that fell from 250 per 1000 births in 1960 to 20 per 1000 births in 2009.In addition, government policies such as compulsory children vaccination program rolled out in 1980 has significantly reduced the mortality rates. The growth in population will automatically increase economic opportunities as well increase the demand for quality healthcare. The kingdom of Saudi Arabia is also among theRead MoreScope of Demography8788 Words   |  36 Pagesindeed most of his detailed research is not yet published. The findings do give cause for some misgivings. They imply for England that of the 6.5 years gain in life expectancy between 1787 and 1887 only two-thirds of a year can be attributed to vaccination, better clothing and housing, improved sanitation and rises in educational levels. They imply that Pakistan’s and Sri Lanka’s contemporary diets would warrant them a life expectancy of only 35 years and that the additional 23 and 37 years respectivelyRead MoreCsr Communication in the Pharma Industry35538 Words   |  143 Pages xxi) The type of knowledge acquired in a scientific research depends on the researcher’s choice of tradition, which has an essential impact on the choice of methods, procedures, instruments and techniques. Consequently, the following section outlines the research design and introduces the foundation for my choice of theory of science. 1.4.1. Scientific paradigm: hermeneutics Plack (2005) refers to Guba and Lincoln (1994) who explain that â€Å"a paradigm is a set of basic beliefs that representsRead MoreNursing Essay41677 Words   |  167 Pagesstates that have adopted the National Council of State Boards of Nursing advanced practice registered nurse model rules and regulations (Article XVIII, Chapter 18). For state legislatures: †¢ †¢ Reform scope-of-practice regulations to conform to the National Council of State Boards of Nursing advanced practice registered nurse model rules and regulations (Article XVIII, Chapter 18). Require third-party payers that participate in fee-for-service payment arrangements to provide direct reimbursementRead MoreFundamentals of Hrm263904 Words   |  1056 Pagesresources can be found on the instructor and student companion sites at www.wiley.com/college/decenzo. Instructor’s Resource Guide This includes, for each chapter, a chapter overview, a description of additional features within the chapter, a chapter outline, additional lecture and activity suggestions, answers to class exercises, answers to case applications, and additional review and discussion questions. PowerPoint A robust set of PowerPoint slides developed to help enhance your lectures are providedRead MoreMedicare Policy Analysis447966 Words   |  1792 Pagesincrease EHR use by small health care providers. TITLE III—HEALTH INSURANCE EXCHANGE AND RELATED PROVISIONS rmajette on DSK29S0YB1PROD with BILLS Subtitle A—Health Insurance Exchange Sec. 301. Establishment of Health Insurance Exchange; outline of duties; definitions. Sec. 302. Exchange-eligible individuals and employers. Sec. 303. Benefits package levels. Sec. 304. Contracts for the offering of Exchange-participating health benefits plans. Sec. 305. Outreach and enrollment of Exchange-eligible

Analysis of the Ethical dilemma in ICT

Questions: 1. What's going on? 2. What are the facts? 3. What are the issues? 4. Who is affected? 5. What are the ethical issues and their implications? 6. What could have been done about it? 7. What are the options? 8. Which option is the best and why? Answers: 1. John J. Riley center for science, technology and values of University of Notre Dames released an article on 14th December 2016 on predicting criminality ("Predicting Criminality", 2017). A team of researchers from McMaster University Canada and Shanghai Jiao Tong University in China came up with the idea of computer which on the basis of facial features and expression could measure the chances of committing Crime. The machine would analyse the features from the photos of the suspect and predicted the chances on its basis (Glenn, Focquaert Raine, 2015). These pictures can be asserted or taken up from the cameras on streets too. Modern machines will work with help learning algorithms. 2. Advent of science and technology is incorporating Information system in every of it developing machines making the world to rely more and more on machines. These days machines are becoming more of a companion than just a help. The researchers have been on the study to prove that facial expressions are not the right model to detect the criminality or offensive behaviour of a person. Surprisingly, during this the researches rather ended up with a conclusion that facial features may define or detect a persons chance of being criminal ("Predicting Criminality", 2017). Hence the team proceeded further with the notion of developing programs which can read facial features and expression of a photo or person itself. The main discriminating features of criminals and non criminals were attributed as eye corners, philtrum and the mouth area. 3. Every new innovation is always questioned. The issues that this innovation is facing are: Ethical issues Machine could be fed up with predefined data about a person. Loss of dignity if caught being non-guilty. Family of the person held may suffer unnecessarily. Law enforcing body may be held irresponsible. Unethical issues Algorithms and programs could be hacked and misused. No proper code of conduct designed for this technology. Technology issue or inappropriate environment for detection. 4. Bringing this into effect would become a threat for every human being. People who have features that can be similar to a criminal feature may not be right to be treated as criminal. Every human has been designed and have attributes and physical appearance of their own. Judging one by their appearance is quite questionable. The family and related members of the innocent person who has been convicted have to suffer. Not only citizens but also law enforcing team may also suffer with such kind of technology (Tayebi et al., 2014). They may lose the actual criminal and waste much time on someone innocent. A wrong detection may lead to freedom of criminal who may exploit this opportunity to do some greater mischief. 5. It has been well said that one cannot judge a book by its cover. It may be unfortunate for person to look alike a criminal and then be held behind because the wrong analysis done by the machine. Software and algorithms for detection could be altered or hacked. With cameras on every street detecting each face it may be offensive on the persons side to convict someone on streets (Wang, Deng Zhou, 2014). The person held may be innocent but due to that he may lose his dignity in the society. People around may question him of the crime which he knew nothing about. In addition, if someone is held around and is punished which is inhumane. There are far more dangerous outcomes then thought of. Criminals can cheat algorithms by posing being someone who he is not. 6. The area of such concern requires human expertise. One cannot depend on such programming which can be hacked or may be altered on requirement basis. This research should be done with more detailed analysis devising more apt programming for facial recognition (Milliet, Delmont, Margot, 2014). Researches need to take this more seriously. The people responsible can use such technologies but working along with certain proceedings which may prove the suspects guilt completely. It can be authorized to be used under certain circumstances only. 7. The first option being the most appropriate is not using any such technology in the area where possibilities of misconception are too high. Some cases of police using such technologies were heard of which was later dropped off because of its poor efficiency. Government policies can be formed which would allow usage of such technologies but only under certain guidance of ethical code (Glenn Raine, 2014). Modification of algorithm can be done to make the system detection more accurate. 8. Since, the world is heading towards a more digitized era with technologies in every aspect of life this is a good approach but with weaker technicalities. Hence improving the entire system with far more accuracy and ability would be the best option considered (Tayebi et al., 2014). This would at some level or other will help the law enforcing bodies. Improving and working on its flaws will assure criminals get caught and unfortunate innocent may be saved. References Al-Saggaf, Y., Burmeister, O. K. (2012). Improving skill development: an exploratory study comparing a philosophical and an applied ethical analysis technique.Computer Science Education,22(3), 237-255 Glenn, A. L., Raine, A. (2014). Neurocriminology: implications for the punishment, prediction and prevention of criminal behaviour.Nature Reviews Neuroscience,15(1), 54-63. Glenn, A. L., Focquaert, F., Raine, A. (2015). Prediction of antisocial behavior. InHandbook of Neuroethics(pp. 1689-1701). Springer Netherlands. Matheson, S. (2016). DNA Phenotyping: Snapshot of a Criminal.Cell,166(5), 1061-1064. Milliet, Q., Delmont, O., Margot, P. (2014). A forensic science perspective on the role of images in crime investigation and reconstruction.Science Justice,54(6), 470-480. Pollock, J. M. (2014).Ethical dilemmas and decisions in criminal justice. Nelson Education. Predicting Criminality. (2017). Reilly Top 10. Retrieved March 15, 2017, from https://reillytop10.com/2016/12/14/predicting-criminality/ Tayebi, M. A., Ester, M., Glsser, U., Brantingham, P. L. (2014, August). CrimeTracer: activity space based crime location prediction. InAdvances in Social Networks Analysis and Mining (ASONAM), 2014 IEEE/ACM International Conference on(pp. 472-480). IEEE. Wang, G. H., Deng, J. C., Zhou, D. B. (2014). Face Detection Technology Research Based on AdaBoost Algorithm and Haar Features. InUnifying Electrical Engineering and Electronics Engineering(pp. 1223-1231). Springer New York.

Introduction Some Time In The History Of The Universe, No One Is Quite Essay Example For Students

Introduction Some Time In The History Of The Universe, No One Is Quite Essay IntroductionSome time in the history of the universe, no one is quite surewhen, there was born a man. This man would eventually be the first tofound a monotheistic religion. The name of this man is Zoroaster; thename is actually a corruption of Zarathushtra. Zoroasters birth date,along with whether his religion is actually monotheistic, is a subjectof great debate. The opinions concerning his birth, and consequentlyabout the beginning of this great religion, range from as early as 6000years before Plato to as late as 500 B.C.E. In any case he was bornsomewhere in Iran, although whether in the East or West is alsoarguable. In the early writings the people belonging to this religionare called Zarathustris; the system he taught is called Mazdaism. Thepresent day followers are called Parsees. Zoroaster removed themultiplicity of deities from religion and created a faith in whichthere were two, or perhaps, one God. All other higher beings wereregarded as demons, or evil spirits. No one knows for sure thedifferent stages of popularity that Zoroastrianism experienced. We doknow that at the time of Darius I, 558?-486 B.C. E., it was protected byroyalty. Later, however, Zoroastrians were continually chased by themembers of the Islamic religion through Kathiawar in India, and Surat,and finally they settled again in Bombay. The universe is thebattleground. The opponents are Mazda Ahura, later to be known asAhura Mazda, and Anra Mainyu, later call ed Ahriman. Ahura Mazda isthe good force and the bad is Ahriman. The battle will last till AhuraMazda defeats Ahriman in the year 12,000 (we are now presumably around11,500). This is the world and its future in accordance withZoroastrian beliefs. ZoroasterZoroaster had a very non-conforming mind and was forced to fleehis parents house without his parents consent because of the rebukinghe gave to those who sacrificed cattle or drank intoxicating haoma. Hefled to the mountains and gave himself to God. Sometime between theages of thirty and forty an angel appeared to him and brought him tothe throne of the highest God, Ahura Mazda. After this occurred, theprophet tried for twelve years to convert people, but to no available. During this period many visions were revaled to him. A milestone inthe progression of the religion occurred when Zoroaster convertedVishtaspa,the king of Persia. He also converted the kings son,brother, counsellor, and grand vizier. Zoroaster married, along withtwo other women, the counsellors daughter. Zoroaster was killed atthe age of seventy-seven by Ardshataspa, a neighboring prince, whoinvaded Vishtaspas capital. According to the Parsees, Vishtaspa isthe father of Darius, who reigned from 521-485 B.C.E. Another viewholds that Zoroaster lived 258 years before Alexander the Great; hewould have therefore lived between 570 and 500 B.C.E. The Greeks tendto place him six thousand years before Plato. Ahura Mazda, while notnecessarily discovered by Zoroaster, was found on an inscription datingaround 714 B.C.E. In ancient Persia, before Zoraosters reforms,religion was polytheistic. Zoroaster objected to these dieties andreferred to them as demons. Many of the rituals and Gods that heremoved were later reinstated due to the fact that the people werestill emotionally attached to them. We can see this from the fact thaton the epigraphs of Artaxerxes II Mnemon (404-358 B.C. E.) the Mithrasand Anahita, ancient gods, are mentioned. Temples and images of Godwere also introduced into the religion at a later date.Zoroastrian BeliefsThe Zoroastrian religion is based on the fundamental concept of aconstant battle of good against evil. The good is represented by AhuraMazda while the bad is represented by Ahriman. Ahura Mazda created thisworld as a trap for Ahriman. Human beings draw Ahriman into thisworld; he will jump at any chance to cause others to do evil. He willthen be entering Ahura Mazdas world, and when people choose good overevil voluntarily this will weaken Ahriman to the point where he can bedestroyed. It is hard to reconcile the two opposing views on thedieties in the Zoroastrian religion. The claim is made that thereligion is monotheistic; it is also alleged that the opposing forcesin the world, good and evil, are represented by two equal gods. Modernday Parsees resolve the contradiction by explaining that Ahura Mazdahas always and will always stand above all. Anra Mainyu, or Ahriman,was only created due to an evil thought that once entered Ahura Mazdashead. The real opponent of Ahriman is Spenta Mainyu, the good spirit.The world is divided into three sections. The upper world is bathed inlight, the earth is divided into seven sections, and the underworld isa dark place. The forces of good and evil will do battle for thetwelve thousand years of the worlds total existence. In thebeginning, as Ahriman attempts to kill Ahura Mazda, he is stopped andpulled away. Both of the Gods agree to a period of peace that willlast 9,000 years. During the first three thousand years Ahura Mazdacreates angels, good spirits, and Frava shis. These Fravashis are theoriginal heavenly images of men living in the upper world. During thenext three thousand years the Fravashis come down to earth. There theylead a perfect sinless life. Anra Mainyu is angry because of theadvantage he sees the Ahura Mazda has gained over him in preparationfor the final battle. He tries to bring evil to the world, but he isrendered powerless by the sacred Ahunavairya formula that Ahura Mazdautters. The Giver - Main Character EssayFrom the mid-nineteenth century and on the Parsis prosperedgreatly. This brought about an increase in the amount of literature.The literat ure was written in many languages including Gujarat (one ofthe previous places of residence) and English. These consisted mainlyof the religions beliefs and observances. The Zoroastrian religionmakes an abrupt turn at this point and changes from its previous highlyorthodox religion and writing. The society is hurt and confusedbecause of a sudden plunge into modernity. The society searched fornew ways to explain the older writings. The writing is transformedinto one writing influenced by the beliefs of many of the surroundingreligions including Christianity and Hinduism. Some writings simplytalk of a belief but advocate no actual observance requiring anyactions. Into the twentieth century the writings decrease and show agreater influence by the Muslims.Zoroastrian HistoryFrom around 550-330 B.C. E. the Iranian tribes left the steppeswhere they had been previously living and conquered and moved intomodern-day Iran. The eastern Iranians brought the Zoroastrian faith tothe western Iranians, the Meads, and the Persians. It became thereligion of the Achaemenian empire. The Avestan writings, however,remained in the eastern dialect. Alexander slaughtered many of theZoroastrian priests thereby also harming the transmission of thetexts.The Asacids, from north-east Iran, later established the secondIranian empire. The empire was called the Parthian empire. The fewwritten records they had indicated a tolerance of the Zoroastrianreligion. This empire ruled from approximately 144 B.C.E. through 224C.E. The Sasanian period was from 224 to 651 C.E. By this timeZoroastrianism had returned to many of the things that Zoroaster hadtaken out at the beginning of the religion. They had gone back totheir old ways of sacrificing, drinking haoma, and believing in morethan one God. However, even as the orthodoxy of the religion declined,its popularity increased to the greatest point in its history.After the fall of t his empire Persia was converted to Islam. About fourteen thousand remain in Iran today. The others eitherconverted or moved to India, where different religions were moretolerated. The Zoroastrians there are called Parsees, and most livearound Bombay. They number about 150,000. They have greatlyprospered, and probably owe this to their honesty and generosity. EthicsZoroaster based his concept of good and evil on the things thathappened to be good and bad for the people of his time. Animals whichwere used for cattle bearing were considered good and created by AhuraMazda. On the other hand, animals which were harmful to cattle werecreated by Ahriman. Large families were praised, and any attempt tostop sex from having children was forbidden. The main purpose of man isalways to make good decisions and to fight with Ahura Mazda against theforces of Ahriman. Life after DeathCadavers are unclean and therefore should not be allow ed to touchthe holy fire and earth. The Zoroastrians have devised a way ofdealing with this in which they place the dead bodies on dakhmas, thetowers of silence. Certain people who have received this position byinheritance, as it is unholy, bring the bodies into these towers. Onceplaced on the towers of silence the bodies are devoured by vultures ina matter of hours. Water is then poured over the bones and is run intothe sea. Modern ways of dealing with the dead are by placing them intocement containers or by burning with electricity. Spiritually, after a person dies, his body remains in the area inwhich he died for three days. After this his conscience appears to himin the form of a woman. If the person had a bad conscience the womanis ugly; if he had a good conscience the woman is beautiful. The womanthen takes him over a bridge called the Chinvat Peretu, theaccountants bridge. If the person led a good life he walks over thebridge into paradise; if he led a bad l ife he falls to hell. If theperson is not evil nor good he reaches the intermediate kingdom,Hamestakans, which is between paradise and hell. After the end of theworld is reached, the spirits will be returned to their bodies and itis only then that their final fate will be decided.ConclusionIn conclusion I think that the following observation correctlysummarizes the enduring contributions of Zoroastrianism. It is aninspired ideology which is based upon three beli efs: there is a battlebetween good and evil, there will be an end to the world together witha final divine judgment and the purification of earth, and there is aparadise, a perfect society in heaven. These ideas have had farreaching effects upon other religions and people. Zoroastrianism hasbrought a concept of a sense of the religious meaning of history alongwith a stronger monotheism and ethics. It has removed the religiousidentification with nature and states of consciousness. There are those that believe that the Ancient Hebrews only adoptedthe concepts of a resurrection of the dead, an end to the world, and afinal judgment, once they came into contact with the Zoroastrians. Allof these ideas are presently important to the Jews, Christians, andMuslims. We can all see how far reaching and important the Zoroastrianreligion has been on the evolution of the important religions out ofwhich most modern civilizations have evolved.